Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world . The prevalence of asthma in children varies from 1% to over 30% in different populations. Recent studies show that prevalence is increasing in most countries, especially in children under age.
It is more common in boys than in girls , although this is reversed in adulthood, then being more frequent in women. Asthma can occur during the first months of life. It is important to know that there is no specific test for the diagnosis of asthma.
Thus, asthma is:
• A disease of high prevalence (which is on the rise)
• More common in males in childhood.
• Infants, children, adolescents and adults can have it.
• One in 10 children about asthma.
Today it is known that asthma is a hereditary disease . There is a large genetic predisposition to develop asthma. These genetics are very complex and depend not only on a single gene, as with other diseases.
Asthma is a polygenic disease, that means that a number of genes are associated with asthma and that each gene explains different aspects of asthma. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways , to develop an event known as hyperactivity.
Inflammation of the airways is a key point in the management of asthma, the best treatments are aimed at reducing the inflammation. The bronchial tree remains swollen over time, although the asthma symptoms are not present.
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